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A robocall is a phone call that uses a computerized autodialer to deliver a pre-recorded message, as if from a robot. Robocalls are often associated with political and telemarketing phone campaigns, but can also be used for public-service or emergency announcements. Some robocalls use personalized audio messages to simulate an actual personal phone call. ==Canada== (詳細はCanadian federal election, 2011, leading Elections Canada and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police to investigate claims that robocalls were used in an attempt to dissuade voters from casting their ballot by falsely telling them their poll stations had changed locations.〔()〕 Elections Canada traced the origin of the automated calls to a disposable cellphone registered to a fictional name "Pierre Poutine" at a phony address from 450 area code of Joliette, Quebec, and issued a subpoena to the cellphone provider that produced a list of outgoing calls from the same number. One of the calls was to the toll-free number used by customers of 2call.ca, a subsidiary of Edmonton-based Internet Service Provider RackNine, to phone in and record their outgoing messages. RackNine has a contract not to do business with any party other than the Conservative Party. The burner cell phone belonging to "Pierre Poutine" was used to contact the owner of Racknine at his personal unlisted number and gave the name "Pierre Jones". This burner phone initiated a series of automated robocalls mostly in Guelph but with a few dozen in other ridings, that targeted mostly non-Conservative voters with false voting location changes. Some voters attended what they had been led to believe were their voting locations, and sometimes destroyed their voter registration cards in anger. In November 2011, the investigator served RackNine with a production order for records and had the account holder associated with the bogus calls quickly identified. Investigators have also examined the Conservative Party's CIMS voter database and showed that "Pierre Poutine" used the Conservative voter database to select who to call. Investigators have blank entries for one specific login, leading to speculation that evidence has been deleted. PayPal has also surrendered their records to investigators since "Pierre Poutine" has used a PayPal account to pay for the bill for the automated calls. The cost for these May 2, 2011, calls was $162.10, Elections Canada said in court filings. This expenditure was never reported to Elections Canada, as required for legitimate political spending. Prime Minister Stephen Harper and the Conservative Party of Canada have denied any knowledge or involvement. A Conservative party staffer resigned soon after the scandal was reported but has since come forward stating that he was not involved. Elections Canada has made a statement〔(Elections Canada Online | News Releases and Media Advisories )〕 and reported to Parliament,〔(Elections Canada Online | Statements and Speeches )〕 that the fraud was extensive, affecting 200 ridings in all ten provinces plus Yukon Territory. The Council of Canadians, a left of centre activist group, has asserted that the robocalls may have been enough to swing the result by 4%, enough to win a number of ridings in very close races. A court challenge has been initiated by this group to overturn the results of the election in seven ridings, and initiate by-elections for the respective seven House of Commons seats. After reviewing the investigation of the "Pierre Poutine" scandal in 2013, Federal Court Judge Richard Mosley found that election fraud had taken place in six ridings across the country but found no evidence that the Progressive Conservative party or candidates were involved. He also did not find sufficient evidence to support charges in ridings other than Guelph. As well, he indicated that the "robocalls" had not affected the outcome of the 2011 election in any riding.〔http://www.thestar.com/opinion/editorials/2014/08/14/greasy_robocall_scandal_will_haunt_conservatives_at_the_polls_editorial.html〕 After a lengthy investigation of the circumstances of the scandal,〔http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/canadian-politics/pierre-poutine-robocalls-planned-by-more-than-one-person-but-michael-sona-was-directing-mind-crown-says〕 Michael Sona, the former director of communications for the Progressive Conservative candidate in the Guelph (Ontario) riding〔http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/canadian-politics/michael-sona-wont-appeal-robocalls-conviction-but-will-seek-lighter-sentence-lawyer〕 was charged on June 2, 2014〔http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/michael-sona-charged-with-guelph-robocalls-starts-trial-today-1.2659780〕 with "wilfully preventing or endeavouring to prevent an elector from voting".〔http://kitchener.ctvnews.ca/trial-begins-monday-for-guelph-pc-staffer-charged-in-robocalls-scandal-1.1847885〕〔http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/guelph-robocall-victims-ask-elections-canada-to-reopen-case-1.3158248〕 Sona was found guilty on November 14, 2014 〔http://www.citynews.ca/2014/11/19/michael-sona-sentenced-to-9-months-in-robocalls-scandal/〕 and was sentenced to nine months in jail plus twelve months of probation.〔http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/michael-sona-sentenced-to-9-months-in-jail-for-callous-robocalls-1.2839410〕 Sona was released from jail on bail after serving twelve days, pending his appeal of the sentence. However, Sona did not appeal the conviction.〔〔 During the trial, Justice Hearn agreed with the Crown allegation 〔 that Sona had likely not acted alone.〔http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/robocalls-trial-michael-sona-sentenced-to-9-months-in-jail-1.2108744〕〔http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/michael-sona-guilty-in-robocalls-trial-but-did-not-likely-act-alone-1.2735676〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robocall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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